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NZX began life as a number of regional stock exchanges during the Gold Rush of the 1870s. In 1974 these regional exchanges were amalgamated to form one national stock exchange, the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZSE).
On 24 June 1991, NZSE implemented a computerised trading system, and abolished the open outcry market. This computerised system was replaced with the FASTER trading system in September 1999.
On 16 October 2002 the Member Firms of the New Zealand Stock Exchange voted in favour of demutualisation, and on 31 December 2002, NZSE became a limited liability company. On 30 May 2003, New Zealand Stock Exchange Limited formally changed its name to New Zealand Exchange Limited, trading as NZX, and on 3 june. 2003 listed its own securities on its main equity market.